Volume 2 Chapter 11

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

VOLUME 2

A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate
School of Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree
Doctor of Philosophy

by Herman L. Hoeh

1963 1966, 1969 Edition

CHAPTER XI

ANCIENT PERSIA AND TURKESTAN

One thousand years of Persian history is missing from today’s history textbooks.
Most writers begin their account of Persia about the time of Cyrus the Great.
A few archaeological notes usually precede the story. But the real history of
Persia (or Iran) for a thousand years before Cyrus has been deliberately removed
from history books.

EARLY KINGS OF PERSIA

Persia, the modern Iran, like most other nations, has preserved its history
from early times. Traditions and legends have no doubt been added along the
way. But the main framework and sequence of events is so clearly preserved that
no doubt about the facts need exist.

Of course there is a reason why early Persian history is rejected.

It includes several Biblical heroes! That alone, in the eyes of modern interpreters
of history, is enough to condemn any record.

Early Persian history has been preserved not only by Persian and Arabic writers,
but in a few rare translations into modern languages.

Perhaps the most complete is Shea’s ‘Early Kings of Persia.’ A less complete
account may be recovered from D’Herbelot’s ‘Bibliotheque Orientale.’ More complete
is the analysis in ‘Universal History,’ Vol. V.

Before recounting in brief the history of Persia, it would be well to compare,
below, the table of rulers from Mirkhond, the Persian historian, with that of
other oriental authors. One is immediately aware of figures that at first glance
seem preposterous. But each one has significant meaning. They are not all lengths
of reign — several are based on time lapses since the beginning of important
eras. Without these long figures, it would not be possible to restore Persian
history.

Table of Persian Rulers

Dynasty of Kaianites

The time element at the close of this list is clear. The days of Alexander
the Great have been reached. Darab II is Persian king Darius III Codomannus.
He was slain in 330, after Alexander overthrew his empire. But most of the preceding
names in the table of kings are not those found in history books. The answer
is that Persia’s last king was not a direct descendant of the great Persian
kings of history. This table of Persian royal names is an account of another
branch of royalty — the family of Darius Codomannus.

Once we know the date of Darab II — his reign ends in 330 — it is possible
to restore the whole list, if we just take the figures exactly as they are.
The following chart is the restoration of the

Dynasty of the Kaianites — combining both Mirkhond and other oriental writers.

THE SECOND RACE

THE FIRST RACE

Persian historians commonly refer to the early judges and kings of their
land as the ‘first race’ and the ‘second race.’ The second has just been restored.
The first is now possible to date. Its last king or Judge, Gustasp, ended his
reign in 1042, at which time he was succeeded by Kaikobad of the ‘second race.’
With 1042 as ending date, the reign of Kajomaras would begin in 1741. Observe
how all these figures fit as pieces of a puzzle.

And that restores the amazing 1000 years of missing Persian history.

TURKESTAN, TURKS AND MONGOLS

In the vast stretches north of Persia live a medley of peoples.

Mongols, Tatars, Turks, Turkomen, and Persians, among many others. The history
of this area is intimately connected with ancient Persia. The nomadic tribes
inhabiting the region have not preserved any chronological framework of their
past history, but their line of great Khans has sufficient parallels that the
main events of Turkestan or Eastern Scythia may be ascertained.

The Bible labels this vast area the land of Gog (see Ezekiel 38). Gog was
a descendant of Japheth. The western half of these vast reaches belongs today
to the Soviet Union. The eastern part is Mongolia and a part of China (Sinkiang
Province). The whole area is called Turkestan by geographers.

The word Turk has in the Turkic or Mongolian languages the meaning of ‘strong
warrior.’ The Mongoloid Turkic people trace their ancestry back to Turk, the
adopted son of Japheth. (The Mongoloid Turks are to be distinguished from the
Caucasian Osmanli Turks of modern Turkey — the sons of Teman who acquired the
name Turk from living in that geographic area.) The son of Turk in Tatar history
was Taunak Khan.

(Khan means ruler.) He was, at least in part, an earlier contemporary of
Kajomaras of Persia. Taunak is affirmed to have lived 240 years, according to
Abu’l Ghazi Bahadur Khan’s ‘Genealogical History of the Tatars,’ published in
1730 in London. This is well within the ages listed in Genesis for the patriarchs
immediately after the Flood.

Taunak was succeeded in order by Jelza Khan, Dibbakui Khan and Kajuk Khan
— the latter two having long reigns. The son of Kajuk was Alanza Khan or Ilingeh
Khan. His was a period of growing prosperity and luxury. He was the father of
Tatar Khan, from whom the Tatars trace their name, and of Mogul Khan, from whom
the Moguls or Mongols trace their name.

The son of Mogul Khan was Kara Khan. In his day there was a rapid spread
of idolatry, declare the Mohammedan Tatar historians. Hushang of Persia was
ruler in Persia.

OGUS KHAN

In the days of Kara Khan, after the Exodus of Israel out of Egypt, his son
Oguz or Ogus Khan revolted against the idolatry of his father (see the ‘Universal
History’, Vol. XX). Later, Ogus, after 72 years of war, created a vast Mongol
Empire. He subjected Cathay (part of China), Tashkent, Samarkand and all Turkestan,
Kashmir, part of Armenia and Iran. Iran at this time was without unified leadership
during the reign of Giemshid (1391-1361). Oguz Khan carried his conquests (Diodorus
of Sicily II, 43) to Egypt. Interestingly, this is the time of the Hyksos rule
in Egypt. And one of the Hyksos rulers had the name of Khayan or Khan. This
king could be none other than Oguz Khan. His 116 year reign from Tatar history
is therefore 1392-1276.

Ogus Khan was succeeded by Kiun Khan (1276-1206). His name means the ‘sun’.
The history of Persia indicated that hereafter the kings of Persia dominated
the accessible steppes of Turkestan. This would be the time of Alphidun, who
set his son Tur over Turkestan. He was followed by Apherasiab. In order there
followed Juldus Khan, Mengli Khan, Tengis Khan and Il Khan. In the days of Il
Khan (in the 600’s B.C.) the Tatars warred against the Mongols and nearly obliterated
them. Il had a son Kajan who survived the struggle. For 400 years the Mongols
disappear from the pages of Tatar history into the vastnesses of the mountains
of Asia.

Now to return to the time of Alanza Khan and his son Tatar Khan.

The Tatars in the Soviet Union trace their early Khans from Tatar the brother
of Mogul. From Tatar descended Buka, Jalanzak and Ettala Khan.

Ettala’s son Attaisis Khan fought bloody wars — in the days of Ogus Khan
of the Mongols. He was followed by Orda, Baydu and Siuntz Khan.

The latter in a grand alliance destroyed the Mongol power.

After this great victory the Tatars split up under petty rulers and have
left us but few names of their rulers. Based on the number of generations this
victory over the Mongols occurred in the 600’s.

After multiplying in the mountains bordering on Mongolia, the Moguls finally
rose to power in the late 200’s. In another fifty years they challenged the
Tatars, conquered them and became the masters of much of eastern Scythia.

The Tatars and Mongols – descendants of Turk whom Japheth adopted as his
son – preserved for posterity the names of over 20 Khans (see Vol. XX of ‘Universal
History’) who ruled Mongolia and adjacent territory until the twelfth century
of the present era, Then it was that the Mongols burst forth on the world, ravaged
Asia and plunged with terrible swiftness west into the heart of Europe under
Jenghis Khan.

THE HISTORY OF ARMENIA

The principal source of Armenian history is that of Moses Khoren, a celebrated
writer of the fifth century. In part his material is derived from the books
of Mar-Abas Catina, a learned Aramean of the second century B.C. Modern archaeology
provides additional information beginning with the period of the late Assyrian
Empire.

Armenian history has been treated in much the same manner as Persian history.
Prior to the Assyrian period all is rejected without being examined to see if
it corresponds with the parallel accounts of other nations.

Armenian history begins with the account of Haik or Haig, the son of Togarmah,
the son of Gomer. What’s wrong with Biblical characters suddenly appearing on
the scene shortly after the Flood? Nothing — unless one doesn’t want to acknowledge
the plain facts of the Bible and history. Historians acknowledge the land about
Armenia, as late as the days of Shalmaneser the Great, was known as the land
of Togarmah. of course, that is from archaeology!

Armenians descend from Aram, son of Shem (see Josephus).

Intermarriage between Togarmah’s family and Aram’s has undoubtedly given
rise to the unique character of the Armenians.

The following tables, prepared by Michael Chamich and St. Martin, are taken
from the ‘Collection des Historiens Anciens et Modernes de l’Armenie’ by Victor
Langlois, Paris, 1880, vol. II, pp. 385-386.

PATRIARCHS OF ARMENIA

The family of Aram paralleled the family of Togarmah, rather than succeeding
it as most Armenian historians claim.

KINGS OF ARMENIA

Kurkjian’s ‘History of Armenia’ may be consulted for succeeding periods.

Armenian history commences with a settlement of colonists in 2247, seven
years after the episode at Babel. These colonists were subject to the rulers
in Babylonia for 139 years. They gained their independence in 2108. This date
is traditionally assigned to Haik, but rightfully belongs to Aram. Armenian
history clearly places the family of Aram contemporary with Semiramis and Ninyas.
Since Togarmah settled Armenia earlier than Aram, the line of Aram was inserted
after the line of Gomer. It should have been made parallel. The family of Gomer
continued down to the time of Paret in 1663. Note that the period assigned to
Gomer and Togarmah in Armenian history corresponds with Italian and Spanish
history. The white branch of the family was settling in Europe, while the Oriental
branch migrated eastward. It appears that Ul, the son of Aram who settled Armenia,
is Ara — the ‘r’ replacing the ‘l’.