INDEX H – L
Hadad, Ramman as, 57 ,
261 , 411 .
Haddon, Dr., Achn racial affinities, 377 .
Hades, Ishtar receives water of life in, 44 ;
Tammuz spends winter in, 53 ,
98 ; Indian “land of fathers”,
56 ; land of no return,
58 ; descent of Ishtar to,
95 et seq.; “Island of the Blessed”,
180 et seq.; Babylonian conception of,
203 ; the Celtic,
203 ; the Greek, Germanic, Indian, and Egyptian,
204 ; the grave as,
206 ; the Japanese,
206 ; the Roman,
207 ; Babylonian king and queen of. See Nergaland Eresh-ki-gal.
Hags, of storm, marsh and mountain as primitive goddesses: the Scottish,
64 , 87 ; the
Babylonian, 68 ,
71 , 72 , 73 ,
185 ; the Germanic,
72 , 73 ,
95 . See Annie, Annis, Beowulf,
Mothers, and Tiamat.
Hair, evidence from early graves and sculptures,
4 , 9 ,
10 .
Hamath, Hittite city of, 395 ; Israel overcomes,
449 ; Ilu-bi-di, the smith king of,
457 , 458 .
Hamites, Biblical reference to, 276 .
Hammurabi (hmri), Dagan as creator of,
31 ; Sin-muballit father of,
133 ; pantheon of,
134 , 254 ;
the Biblical Amraphel, 131 ,
246 , 247 ;
“Khammurabi” and “Ammurapi” forms of, 247 ,
248 ; Rim Sin, the Elamite, and,
249 ; character of,
249 –255 ; god
Nebo ignored by, 303 ; legal code of,
2 , 222 ,
223 et seq.
Hammurabi Dynasty, the, Amorites and, 217 ,
218 ; early Amorite kings of Sippar,
241 , 242 ;
schools and correspondence during, 252 ; Kassites
first appear during, 255 ; Sealand Dynasty in,
257 ; late kings of,
257 , 258 ;
Hittite raid at close of, 258 –260 ;
Assyria during, 279 ,
419 ; astronomy in,
300 .
Hanuman (hănu-m), the Indian monkey god, Bhima and,
187 ; like Gilgamesh,
188 , 189 .
Hapi (hi), Nile god, a bi-sexual deity, 161 .
Haran, Abraham’s migration from Ur to, 131 ,
245 ; Ashur and Sin worshipped at,
353 ; Nabonidus’s temple to Sin at,
494 .
Harper, Professor, 321 .
Harvest deities, fish forms of, 29 ,
32 ; river and ocean gods as,
33 ; the pre-Hellenic,
84 ; the Egyptian,
85 .
Harvest moon, the, crops ripened by, 52 .
Hathor (hhor), the fish goddess and, 29 ;
Ishtar and, 57 ,
99 .
Hathor-Sekhet, the destroyer, 157 ,
197 .
Hatshepsut (hat-shepsoot), Queen of Egypt, 16 ;
Sumerian queen earlier than, 115 .
Hatti (hti), dominant tribe of Hittites,
246 ; of Armenoid race, 262 ; as Great Father
worshippers, 260 ; Mitannians and,
269 .
Hattusil I (hat-toosil), King of Hittites,
283 .
Hattusil II, Hittite king, Egyptian treaty,
366 ; influence of in Babylonia, 364 ,
368 ; marriage treaty with Amorite king,
418 .
Hawes, Mr., on Cretan chronology, xxv ; Cretan
racial types, 8 .
Hawk, demons enter the, 71 .
Hazael (hazā-el), King of Damascus, 410 ;
Shalmaneser III defeats, 411 ; Israel oppressed
by, 412 .
Heaven, Queen of, Hebrews offer cakes to, 106 ;
women prominent in worship of, 106 ,
107 .
Hebrews, in Canaan, 379 ; Philistines as
overlords of, 379 ,
380 , 386 ,
387 ; as allies of Egypt and Tyre,
388 ; under David and Solomon,
388 , 389 ;
Pharaoh Sheshonk plunders, 391 ; kingdoms of
Judah and Israel, 401 et seq.; in late
Assyrian period, 448 et seq. See Israeland Judah.
Heimdal (hīmdal), as patriarch and world guardian,
93 ; Tammuz and Agni like,
94 ; Nin-Girsu of Lagash like,
116 .
Hercules, Gilgamesh and, 41 ,
164 , 172 ;
as dragon slayer, 152 ; eagle as soul of,
170 , 349 ;
burning of, 171 ; of Cilicia and deities that
link with, 261 ; Merodach and,
316 ; Ashur and,
336 ; astral arrow of,
337 ; Melkarth and,
348 .
Hermes (hermēz), Nebo as, 303 .
Hermod (hermod), the Germanic Patriarch, 93 ;
Gilgamesh and, 184 .
Herodotus, on Babylonian harvests, 21 ,
22 ; on Babylonian burial customs,
214 ; description of Babylon,
219 et seq.; on Babylonian marriage
market, 224 , 225 ;
on doctors and folk cures, 231 ,
232 ; on origin of Nineveh,
277 ; on Egyptian Totemism,
293 , 432 ;
on pre-Hellenic beliefs, 317 ; on Semiramis
legend, 425 ; on fall of Assyria,
488 .
Heth, children of, Hittites as, 246 .
Hezekiah (hez-e-kīah), 21 ,
340 ; Merodach-Balad conspiracy,
465 ; destruction of Assyrian army,
466 , 467 ;
Esarhaddon and, 471 ,
472 .
Hierapolis, Atargatis goddess of, 267 .
“High Heads”, symbols and “world spine”, 332 ;
Anshar, Anu, Enlil, Ea, Merodach, Nergal, and Shamash as,
334 .
Hindus, Mediterranean race represented among,
8 .
Hipparchus, the Greek astronomer, discoveries of,
320 , 321 .
Hiram, King of Tyre, as Solomon’s ally, 388 ,
389 .
Hit, the bitumen wells of, 25 .
Hittites, the father worshippers among, xxx ,
420 ; racial types in confederacy of,
11 , 12 ,
246 , 265 ,
266 ; double-headed eagle of,
168 ; in ethnics of Jerusalem,
246 ; Hebrews, dealings with,
246 , 266 ,
267 ; earliest references to in Egypt and Babylonia,
258 , 259 ,
264 ; prehistoric culture of,
263 ; thunder god of and linking deities,
261 , 268 ;
Merodach carried off by, 261 ; fusion of god
and goddess cults by, 267 ,
268 ; relations with Mitannians and Kassites,
270 –272 ,
282 , 358 ;
Subbi-luliuma, the conqueror, 283 ; conquest
of Mitanni, 284 ; Babylonian culture passed
to Greece by, 306 ,
316 ; the winged disk of,
347 , 348 ;
Ashur cult and, 355 ; Syria after expansion
of, 363 ; King Mursil,
364 ; influence of in Egypt and Babylonia,
364 ; wars of Seti I and Rameses II against,
364 , 365 ;
alliance with Egypt, 366 ; early struggle with
Assyria, 367 ,
368 ; Muski as overlords of, 380 ; Nebuchadrezzar
I defeats, 381 ; late period of Empire of,
386 ; city-states of Hamath and Carchemish,
395 ; Shalmaneser III and,
414 ; “mother right among”,
418 ; connection of with Urartu,
440 n.; combination against Sargon II,
459 , 460 ;
Biblical reference to Tabal and Meshech, 464 .
Horse, sea god as a, 33 ; demons enter the,
71 ; domesticated in Turkestan,
271 ; introduction of to Babylonia and Egypt,
270 , 271 ;
sacrificed by Aryo-Indian and Buriats, 271 ,
309 ; constellation of,
309 .
Horus (horus), god of Egypt, creative tears of,
45 ; as the sun, Saturn, Jupiter, and Mars,
300 , 304 ;
the “elder” and “younger”, 302 ; as the “opener”,
304 ; “world soul” conception and,
304 ; has many forms like Tammuz,
305 ; Ninip and,
316 ; “winged disk” of,
336 ; the eagle and,
343 .
Hoshea (ho-shea), King of Israel, 453 ,
454 .
Host of heaven, 305 .
Hotherus (hotherus), Gilgamesh and, 184 ,
185 .
“House of Clay”, the grave called, 56 ;
206 –208 .
Hraesvelgur (hrāsvel-gur), Icelandic wind demon,
72 .
Human sacrifices, the May Day, 50 . “Husband
of his mother”, xxxii ; in Sumerian, Indian,
and Egyptian mythologies, 106 ,
304 , 305 ;
Kingu becomes lover of Tiamat, 106 ; sun as
offspring and spouse of the moon, 301 ; Adad-nirari
IV as, 420 . See Father and son conflict.
Hydra, as Dragon, 152 .
Hyksos (hiksos), Egypt invaded by, 259 ;
Mitannians and, 270 ; horse introduced into
Egypt by, 271 ; theories regarding,
271 ; trading relations of with Crete and Persia,
273 ; period of expulsion of,
275 .
Iberians, the, Sumerians and Egyptians congeners of,
9 ; goddesses of,
105 ; folk tales of, 156 .
Ibis, demons enter the, 71 .
Iceland, wind hag of, 73 ; Barleycorn a god
of, 170 n.
Idols, spirit of god or demon in, 61 ; gods
of taken prisoners, 62 .
Idun (eedoon),Germanic goddess, lovers of,
102 .
Igigi (igig-i), spirits of heaven, 34 ,
149 .
Ilu-bidi, smith king of Hamath, 457 ,
458 .
Immortality, quest of Gilgamesh, 177 ; Song
of the Sea Lady, 178 ,
179 ; Lay of the Harper,
179 ; Pir-napishtim and Gilgamesh,
181 et seq.; Ea-bani’s revelation,
183 –184 ; no
Babylonian Paradise, 203 ,
210 , 211 ;
Brahmans ask Alexander the Great for, 208 ;
Egyptian Ra and Osirian doctrines, 209 .
India, Sumerian myths in, xxvi ,
xxvii ; Mediterranean race in,
7 ; Brahma-Vishnu and Ea,
27 ; Babylonian flood myth in,
27 , 28 ,
196 ; demons of and the Babylonian,
34 ; mother ghost in,
69 ; Garuda eagle and Sumerian Zu bird,
74 , 75 ,
165 –169 ,
330 ; wedding bracelet of and Ishtar’s,
98 , 98 n.;
eternal “mothers” and “dying gods” in, 101 ;
Ribhus the “elves” of, 105 ; fairies of,
294 ; Gilgamesh myth in,
187 –189 ; Babylonian
culture in, 199 ,
200 , 313 ;
face paint of gods in, 211 ; jungle-dwellers’
conception of “Self Power”, 291 ,
304 ; star myths of,
296 ; early astronomers of,
300 ; lunar zodiac of,
309 ; constellations identified before planets
in, 318 ; horse sacrifice in,
309 ; sun and moon marriages in,
306 ; doctrine of World’s Ages in,
310 et seq.; “finger counting” at prayer
in, 311 n.; deities connected with goat
in, 333 ; “man in the eye” belief,
335 , 336 ;
cult of “late invaders” of, 338 ; fire cult
in, 346 ; Solomon’s trade with,
389 , 390 ;
Jehoshaphat’s fleet, 408 ; swans as love messengers
in, 429 .
“Indo-Europeans”, Mitannians as, 269 ,
270 .
Indra (indră), god of India, a world artisan like Ea and Ptah,
30 ; Anu’s messengers like Maruts of,
34 ; Enlil and, 35 ;
Ramman, Hadad, Thor, &c., and, 57 ,
261 , 340 ;
in Garuda myth, 74 ,
75 ; dies annually like Tammuz,
101 ; various forms of,
101 ; as slayer of father,
158 , 302 ;
eagle as, 169 ; Paradise of like Odin’s,
209 ; thunder horn of,
238 .
Insects, gods as, 296 .
Inspiration, derived from sacred juice, 45 ;
from drinking blood, 48 ; from incense and breath
of Apis bull, 49 . Inundation, the Babylonian,
24 . Inverness, the “sleeper” and fairy mound
of, 164 .
Ionians, deported from Cilicia to Nineveh, 464 .
Iranian sun god, Sumerians and, 55 ,
56 .
Ireland, the corn god and river goddess of, 33 ,
238 ; spitting customs in,
47 ; “calling back” of souls in,
70 , 70 n.;
Anu a wind hag, 73 ; Tammuz-Diarmid myth in,
85 , 87 ; Angus,
the love god of, 90 ,
238 , 428
n.; the eternal goddess of, 101 ,
102 , 268 ;
the “morch” (worm) of, 151 ; flood legend
of, 196 ; the Hades of,
203 ; pig as devil in,
293 ; doctrine of world’s ages in,
310 et seq.; origin of culture of,
315 , 316 ;
giant gods of, 317 ; pigeon lore in,
431 .
Iron, in northern Mesopotamia, 25 ; used in
folk cures, 236 .
Irrigation, in early Sumeria, 23 ,
39 .
Isaac, forbids Jacob to marry a Hittite, 266 .
Isaiah, 2 ,; doom of Babylonia,
113 , 499 ;
“Worm” of, the dragon, 151 ; use of Babylonian
symbolism by, 331 ,
341 ; “satyrs” referred to by,
333 ; on Assyria the Destroyer,
340 ; on Tophet,
350 ; reference to Jerusalem’s water supply,
451 ; warns Ahaz,
459 ; destruction of Sennacherib’s army,
466 ; tradition of murder of,
474 .
Ishbi-Urra (ishbi-oorra), King of Isin, 132 .
Ishtar (ishtar), Isis cult and, xxxi ;
hymn to, 18 –20 ;
Beltu and, 36 ; water of life given to,
44 ; as earth goddess,
53 ; identical with Hathor,
57 ; in demon war,
76 ; as “Queen of Heaven”,
81 , 106 ,
107 ; lamentation of for Tammuz,
86 , 88 ,
98 ; in Sargon of Akkad myth,
91 ; descent of to Hades poem,
95 et seq.; magical ornaments of,
96 ; punishment of,
96 , 97 ; rescue
of, 98 ; Belit-sheri associated with,
98 ; as love goddess,
99 ; temple women of,
99 , 106 ,
107 ; absorbs other goddesses,
100 , 117 ,
277 , 496 ;
as daughter of Ann and Nannar, 100 ; as mother
of Tammuz, 100 ; the lovers of,
103 , 126 ,
174 –176 ; like
Tiamat, 106 ; under Isin Dynasty,
132 ; links with Indian and Egyptian goddesses,
157 ; Damkina and,
160 ; as a bi-sexual deity,
161 ; in Etana legend,
166 ; in Gilgamesh legend,
172 –177 ; in
flood legend, 193 ,
194 ; Frey’s bride and,
204 ; threat to raise dead,
213 ; fish goddesses and,
117 , 277 ;
Nineveh image of sent to Egypt, 280 ; star of,
295 ; changes star forms with Merodach,
299 ; month of,
305 ; wheel symbol of, 347 ; Nineveh temple
of destroyed, 363 ; worshipped by Nebuchadrezzar
I, 382 ; cult of in Assyria,
420 ; Semiramis and,
425 ; as a Fate,
433 ; moon god and,
436 ; Creatrix and,
437 ; worshipped by Sargon II,
463 ; worshipped by Esarhaddon,
471 ; Persian goddess and,
496 .
Ishtarate (ish-tar-e), “Ishtars”, goddesses in general called, too.
Isin, Dynasty of, 131 ; early kings of,
132 et seq.; last kings of,
133 ; sun worship and,
240 ; Dynasty of Pashe,
380 .
Isis (īsis), goddess of Egypt, Ishtar cult and,
xxxi ; fish goddess and,
29 ; as Nile goddess,
33 ; creative tears of,
45 ; mourning of for Osiris,
83 , 99 ; as daughter,
wife, sister, and mother of Osiris, 99 ; as corn
goddess, 90 ; as serpent goddess,
150 ; as bi-sexual deity,
161 ; male form of,
299 ; the star of,
296 , 300 ;
address of to different forms of Osiris, 297 .
“Island of the Blessed”, in Gilgamesh epic,
180 et seq.; the Greek and Celtic, 203 .
Israel, first Egyptian reference to, 379 ;
subject to Damascus, 396 ; separation of from
Judah, 401 et seq.; Abijah’s victory
over, 402 , 403 ;
first conflict with Assyria, 407 ; tribute to
Shalmaneser III, 411 ,
412 ; Assyria as “saviour” of,
414 , 438 ,
439 ; goddess cult in,
421 ; Aramns and mother worship in,
434 ; war with Judah,
448 ; Tiglath-pileser harries,
453 ; the lost ten tribes,
455 , 456 .
“Jack and Jill”, the Sumerian lunar, 53 .
“Jack with a Lantern”, the Babylonian, 66 .
Jacob, personal ornaments as charms to, 211 ;
marriage of, 266 .
Jah, the Hebrew, Ea as, 31 ; Dagon as,
31 ; as dragon slayer,
157 ; monotheism,
160 .
Japan, the Hades of, 206 .
Jastrow, Professor, on Ea, 29 ,
30 , 435 ; on
culture and racial fusion, 42 ; on fire and water
ceremonies, 51 ; on moon names,
52 ; on female conservatism,
107 , 179 ,
180 ; on burial customs,
208 ; on Nebo,
303 , 435 ; on Greek and Babylonian astrology
and astronomy, 319 et seq.; on Anshar,
Ashir, and Ashur, 354 .
Jehoahaz (je-hōa-haz), King of Judah, 414 ;
Necho deposes, 489 .
Jehoash (je-hōash), King of Israel, 448 ,
449 .
Jehoiachin (je-hoia-chin), King of Judah, carried to Babylon,
490 .
Jehoiakim (je-hoia-kim), King of Judah, 489 ,
490 , 492 .
Jehoram (je-hōram), King of Judah, no burning at grave of,
350 .
Jehoshaphat (je-hosha-phat), King of Judah,
407 ; navy of wrecked, 408 .
Jehu (jeh, King of Israel, Elisha calls,
409 , 410 ; tribute to Shalmaneser III,
411 , 412 ;
mother worship in reign of, 421 ,
434 .
Jeremiah, liver as seat of life, 48 ; on mother
worship, 106 ,
107 , 421 ; Pharaoh Necho,
489 .
Jeremias, Dr. Alfred, on precession of equinoxes,
320 n.
Jeroboam (jer-o-bōam), revolt of, 402 ;
Abijah defeats, 402 ,
403 ; an ally of Assyria,
449 .
Jerusalem, the “new”, xvii ; Pallithic
collection at, 10 ; “dragon well” at,
152 ; “father” of Amorite, “mother” of Hittite,
246 ; eclipse record from,
323 ; “Queen of Heaven” worshipped in,
421 ; wall of destroyed by Jehoash,
449 ; new wall and water supply of,
451 ; siege of by Sennacherib,
465 , 466 ;
Assyrian ambassador visits, 471 ,
472 ; sack of by Nebuchadrezzar II,
490 , 491 ;
Cyrus and rebuilding of, 496 ; return of captives
to, 496 .
Jewellery, the magic, Ishtar’s, 96 ,
98 .
Jewish type, Akkadians of, 1 ,
2 ; Arabs not of, 9 ;
the racial blend which produced, 10 et seq.
Jews, Cyrus welcomed in Babylon by, 495 ;
return of to Jerusalem, 496 .
Jezebel (jeze-bel), Queen, 406 ; murder
of, 410 .
Jinn, the Arabian, 78 .
Joash (jōash), King of Judah, concealment of in childhood,
413 ; coronation of,
413 , 414 .
Johns, Mr., on Aryans in early Assyria, 278 ,
279 .
Joram (jōram), King of Israel, 408 ,
409 ; Jehu murders,
410 .
Josiah (jō-sīah), King of Judah, Necho and,
489 .
Jotham (jōtham), King of Judah, 451 .
Judah, subject to Damascus, 396 ; separation
of from Israel, 401 at seq.; Edom revolts against,
409 ; defeated by Israel,
448 ; Damascus and Israel plot against,
451 ; Ahaz appeals to Assyria,
452 ; Sennacherib deports prisoners from,
463 ; in Esarhaddon’s reign,
474 ; Pharaoh Necho in,
489 ; the Captivity,
491 ; return of captives,
496 .
Jupiter, the planet, Ramman and Hadad as, 57 ;
Merodach creates, 147 ; Merodach as,
296 ; Horus as,
300 , 302 ; associated with sun and moon,
301 ; as ghost of sun,
305 ; as “bull of light”,
301 ; Nin- Girsu (Tammuz) as,
301 ; month of,
305 ; Attis as, 305 ; as “face voice of light”
and “star of bronze”, 314 ,
315 ; in astrology,
318 .
Jupiter-Amon, 317 .
Jupiter-Belus, Merodach as, 221 ,
317 .
Kadashman-Kharbe (kad-hman-khbe), King of Babylon, grandson of Ashur-uballit,
284 , 285 ;
opens Arabian desert trade route, 360 ; murder
of, 361 .
Kadesh (kesh), goddesses that link with,
268 .
Kali (kee), the Indian goddess, goat sacrificed to,
48 .
Kalkhi (kkhi), excavations at, xix ,
xx ; capital of Shalmaneser I,
367 ; head-quarters of Ashur-natsir-pal III,
398 ; description of,
399 , 400 ;
library at, 422 ,
470 ; religious revolt at,
422 ; Sargon II and,
463 ; temple to Nebo at,
487 .
Karduniash (kar-dooni-ash), Babylonia called,
273 .
Karna (kărnă), Indian hero: like Sargon of Akkad,
126 .
Ksites, Nippur as capital of, 218 ; in
Hammurabi Age, 255 ; as agriculturists,
256 ; Aryans associated with,
270 ; Mitannians, Hyksos and,
270 , 271 ,
272 , 273 ;
Babylonia consolidated by, 274 ,
393 ; early Assyrian kings and,
279 ; in Tell-el-Amarna letters,
281 ; and Mesopotamian question,
358 ; Arabian desert trade route,
360 ; dynasty of ends,
370 , 371 ;
Sennacherib and the mountain, 464 .
Keats, John, 112 ; “La Belle Dame Sans Merci”
and Ishtar, 174 .
Kengi (kengi), early name of Sumer, 2 .
Khammurabi (kham-mri), 247 . See Hammurabi.
Khani (khi). See Mitanni.
Kharri (khri), Mitannians called; perhaps “Arya”,
269 .
Khatti. See Hattiand Hittites.
Kheta. See Hittites.
Khnumu (knoomoo), the Egyptian god, Ea compared to,
30 .
Khonsu (konsoo), Tammuz a healer like, 90 ,
94 .
Kid, sacrificed to Tammuz, 85 ,
333 ; star called by Arabs,
333 .
King, L. W., Creation tablets, xxiv ,
29 ; 211 ; on
“Cuthean Legend of Creation”, 215 ,
216 ; on seven gods as one,
298 ; on Sennacherib’s sack of Babylon,
469 .
Kings, worship of, in Hammurabi Age, 242 ,
257 , 258 ;
burning of, 350 ,
351 ; Ashur’s association with,
352 .
Kingu (kingoo), in Creation Legend, as son and lover of Tiamat,
106 ; stirs Tiamat to avenge Apsu,
140 ; exalted by Tiamat,
140 ; overcome by Merodach,
145 , 146 .
Kish, early dynasty of, 114 ; legendary queen
of, 114 , 115 ;
Entemena’s sack of, 120 ; Sargon and,
125 , 126 ;
goddess of, 126 ,
127 ; kings and gods of,
241 .
Kishar (kesh), the god, in group of elder deities,
37 , 138 .
Kneph, the Egyptian air god, 49 .
Koran(kōr), Etana eagle myth in,
166 , 167 ; Nimrod agricultural myth in,
170 ; water of life legend in,
186 ; Abraham and Nimrod’s pyre,
349 .
Kudur Mabug (k mab), Elamite King of Sumer,
242 , 243 ;
the Biblical Chedor-laomer, 247 ,
248 .
Kuiri (k-ri), early name of Akkad, 2 .
Kurds (koords), the, use of cradle board by, 4 ,
5 ; of Mediterranean race,
8 ;
Mitannians as ancestors of, 270 ,
283 .
Kurigalzu II (ki-gz, King of Babylonia,
285 .
Kurigalzu III, Kassite king, wars with Elam and Assyria,
362 .
Ka and Kh See Cuthah.
Kutu (k, the men of, 128 ,
264 . See Gutium.
Labartu (la-bt, the, a mountain hag, 68 ;
as a luck spirit, 77 .
Labashi-Marduk (laba-shi-mard), King of Babylonia,
492 .
“La Belle Dame Sans Merci”, Ishtar as, 174 ,
175 .
Lachamu (lach-, goddess, in Creation legend,
37 , 138 ,
143 .
Lachmu (lachm, god, in Creation legend, 37 ,
138 , 143 .
Lagash (lash), city of, early rulers of,
115 et seq.; deities of, 116 –118 ;
relations with Umma, 118 –120 ;
site of at Tello, 120 ; revolution in,
120 ; Urukagina, the reformer of,
121 –124 ; sack
of, 124 ; Gudea, King of,
129 ; sculptures, buildings, and trade of,
130 ; bearded god of,
135 , 136 ;
burning of in Hammurabi Age, 243 . Also Shir-pl
Lakshmi (lăkshmee), the Indian eternal mother,
101 .
Lamassu (lamas-s, the winged bull, 65 .
Lamb, the sacrificed, inspiration from blood of,
48 .
Land laws, in early Sumeria, 26 ; of Babylonia,
229 , 230 .
Lang, Andrew, on Cronos, 64 ; on father and
son myth, 158 ; on Greek star lore,
319 .
Langdon, Dr., Sumerian psalms, 98 et seq.;
on Ninip and Enlil, 158 ; on doves and goddesses,
428 .
Language, race and, 3 ; Sumerians-, Chinese,
Turks, Magyars, Finns, and Basques compared, 3 .
Larsa (ls, sun god chief deity of, 40 ;
revolt against Isin, 132 ; Rim-Sin, king of,
133 ; rise of sun cult of,
240 ; Elamite kings of,
242 ; the Biblical Ellasar,
247 ; Nabonidus and,
492 .
Laurin (lawreen), the Germanic elfin lover,
68 .
Law courts, in Hammurabi Age, 223 .
Layard, Sir A. H., discoveries of, xix
et seq.; Ashur symbols, 343 ; description
of Kalkhi, 399 –401 .
“Lay of the Harper”, the Sumerian “Song of the Sea Lady” and,
178 , 179 .
Lead, in northern Mesopotamia, 25 .
Lebanon, Gudea of Lagash gets timber from, 130 .
Leicestershire wind hag, 73 .
Library, Shalmaneser III founded at Kalkhi,
422 .
Libyans, the, shaving customs of, 9 .
Life, the water of, 44 ,
45 ; the plant of,
44 ; blood and sap and,
45 ; liver as seat of,
48 ; habits of and modes of thought,
51 .
Light on head, Merodach’s, 145 .
Lila or Lilu, the demon, 67 .
Lilith, “Adam’s first wife”, 67 ; Indian
Surpanaka like, 67 .
Linen, manufactured in prehistoric Egypt, 14 .
Lion god, Nergal as the, 54 .
Lions, associated with mother goddess, 120 .
Liver, the, as seat of life, 48 ; dragon’s
vulnerable part, 153 .
Loftus, W. K., xx .
Loki, the Germanic god, taunts goddesses regarding lovers,
102 , 103 ;
god Barleycorn and, 170 .
“Long Meg”, the English giantess, 155 ,
156 ; “Long Tom” and,
156 . “Long Tom”, the giant, guns called,
156 .
Love charms and love lyrics, 238 .
Love goddess, Ishtar as, 99 ,
175 , 176 ;
the inconstancy of, 99 et seq.,
102 , 103 ,
104 .
Lucian (looshyan), Semiramis legend, 425 .
Lucifer, Babylonian king as, 331 .
Luck, spitting to secure, 46 et seq.;
spirits of, 77 .
Lugal-zaggisi (lal-zaggi-si), King of Umma, sack of Lagash by,
123 , 124 ;
gods of, 124 ; Kish captured by,
124 ; Erech capital of empire of,
124 , 125 ;
supposed invasion of Syria by, 125 .
Lulubu (lb, mountaineers, 128 .
Lunar chronology, solar chronology preceded by,
312 ; “Four Quarters”,
323 , 324 .
Lunar zodiac, the original, 309 .
Lycia, god had wife in, 221 .
Lydia, emissaries from to Ashurbanipal, 483 ;
helps Egypt against Assyria, 486 ; alliance
with Egypt against Cyrus, 494 .
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